Racial Implications in Heart of Darkness - 619 Words

Racial Implications in Heart of Darkness The plot of the novella Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad centers around a seafarer named Marlow and his journey up the Congo River and his exploits there during a time of imperialism. Once Marlow joins the Company as a captain for a ship heading to the Congo to trade, he encounters instances of oppression of the African natives by members of the Company. This character narrates the majority of the novel and often takes on the role of a passive observer, although he sometimes gives his input on the situation. In recent years, the state of Marlow and even Conrad’s opinions on race have been questioned due to the thematic element of oppression of blacks by whites presented in this work. Though many believe Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad to be a novel with racist undertones and an offensive view of African imperialism, it illustrates the discovery of a new world and new people by Europeans in the 19th century with an impressionist take as opposed to a racist one. Though the book has many thematic elements, Conrad’s writings on race seem ambiguous to many readers. However, some critics believe that Marlow or even Conrad cements his racist point of view in Heart of Darkness and makes it very prominent during scenes in the Congo. Chinua Achebe, the Nigerian author of anti-imperialism novel Things Fall Apart, argued in a lecture that Joseph Conrad wrote his novel with a spiteful view of blacks and fueled the Western stereotype thatShow MoreRelatedEssay about Heart of Darkness1745 Words   |  7 Pagesdepth review of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, a classical novella that illustrates without bias the motives behind human intentions and the extremes individuals can go to achieve wealth and profits at the expense of others with the aim of shedding insight into the rise of European imperialism, the imperial history, its politics and evil activities in the colonized African tribes along the river Congo during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The Heart of Darkness is an exceptionally figurativeRead MoreThe Oral Tradition Of Storytelling1510 Words   |  7 Pagesculture. It is a white man who informs Ayah and Chato of the loss of Jimmie, symbolizing as the racial issue of Native Americans dying in the service to a nation that oppressed them. Because of the way Jimmie dies, they are no longer able to mourn him traditionally, and that is taking away a big part of Ayah’s way of life. Ayah being tricked into signing away her children to the white doctors is another implication in the context of Native American history. There was the almost genocide of Native AmericansRead More The Meaning of Heart of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate3726 Words   |  15 PagesThe Meaning of Heart of Darkness in the Post-Colonial Climate Since its publication in 1899, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness has rarely been disputed on the basis of its literary merits; in fact, it was long seen as one of the great novels of the burgeoning modern era, a sort of bridge between the values and storytelling styles of the waning Victorian period and those of the modern era (Gatten), and regarded a high-ranking space amidst the great literature of the century, if not theRead MoreDeviant Sexuality Is Denoted By The Spaces And Womens Sexual And Economic Freedom1582 Words   |  7 Pagesresembling Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness (1899) detailing a journey from London to Africa. The darkness in Conrad’s title referring firstly to the unknown nature of the African landscape and perhaps has racial implications, but more importantly the moral darkness in a non-western space, deemed the counter to the â€Å"civilized† world. However, here the discovery is reversed, Anna traverses from a colonised area to England, and the nature of discovery is sexual exploration: Anna’s racial ambiguity in the textRead More lighthod Light and Dark in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness2308 Words   |  10 PagesLight and Dark in Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚     Joseph Conrads repeated use of darkness in his novel Heart of Darkness has been widely interpreted. Readers have arrived at many different conclusions about the use of darkness throughout the novel. The critics themselves cannot agree what the darkness means.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The critics draw different conclusions about the use of darkness. For some critics, the use of darkness is seen as an intentional literary device. For example, Gary Adelman and MichaelRead MoreThe Old Testament1235 Words   |  5 Pagesthe hearts and minds of their believers with it. Prophets were enlightened and blessed beings that had much knowledge about the religious matters and their teachings are of still very significant and valid. The Bible instructs numerous cases of the Social Injustice, Idolatry, and Ritualism. God s picked prophets, for example, Hosea, Micah, Jonah, Ezekiel, and Isaiah, give occasions of these themes. Through these picked prophets a superior comprehension of Gods expectations and implications canRead MoreMy research paper is entitled, Analyzing Heart of Darkness through a Feminist Lens. Through this3100 Words   |  13 PagesMy research paper is entitled, Analyzing Heart of Darkness through a Feminist Lens. Through this paper, I will investigate and examine Heart of Darkness by means of Feminist Criticism and literary theory. I aspire to thoroughly analyze the entire narrative, in order to pull out and pinpoint various aspects and examples linked to feminist theory. I want to investigate and spotlight specific occurrences, in the novel, where characteristics of Feminist Criticism can be found or applied. I specificallyRead MoreASAM 5 Notes Essay6590 Words   |  27 Pagesothers, of measu ring ones soul by the tape of a world that looks on in Two voices of contemporary double consciousness Two different life narrative: Jay Z up from poverty, west on the anxieties of middle class black Similar conflict, reconciling racial otherness with wealth aspiration marked by whiteness Watch the throne: (2011) A love letter to affluence A negotiation between the history/experience of blackness and arrival into American dream. Poverty and wealth Hybridity In the century passedRead MoreEssay about Universal truth (Shakespeare)1860 Words   |  8 Pagesadventurer who is black and her heart fully consents. 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Symbolic Vampirism: selfishness, exploitation, refusal to respect the autonomy of other people, using people to get what we want, placing our desires, particularly ugly ones, above

Developing A Communication Plan For Apple - 1697 Words

Developing a Communication Plan for Apple Author’s name: Institutional Affiliation Developing a Communication Plan for Apple Abstract Apple is one of the companies that are doing well in the current world of technology. It produces the best products that are usually of high quality hence meeting the needs of most of their customers. However, the success of Apple has been greatly attributed to the system as well as its leadership structure. As such, the major concern of Apple is to analyze the changes and revitalization that it has been planning to embrace so as to enhance communication as well as decision making process of the firm. It is therefore essential to focus on developing a communication plan for Apple. It is however more important to understand the timeline, the methods of communication, the purpose of communication, as well as the stakeholders in Apple’s Communication plan. The communication plan for Apple also needs to include the message as well as the frequency of communication for the firm. Introduction All the successful initiatives usually have execution as well as plans for their competence s. Yet demonstrating and planning the competences of the organization is just as essential, and while they are manifested in the leadership of the Apple Company, they may be regularly omitted. Also, it is worth to note that the interactions of the initiatives with the competences cannot just be accidental and random. A communication plan is usually used toShow MoreRelatedBeing Transparent With Information Helps Both Investors And Stakeholders1375 Words   |  6 Pageshaving best-in-class employees in every role, and he has no patience for building managers for the sake of managing. A headhunter who has worked extensively with Apple to hire engineers. â€Å"People join and stay because they believe in the mission of the company, even if they aren’t personally happy.† (Lashinsky, 2011). In organizational communication, ideology is an important part of corporate culture and plays a role in employees identifying with an organization. Thus, workplace ideologies can become centralRead MoreRole of Ethics and Social Responsibilty Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesmeaning tradition or character. In philosophy ethical behavior is that which is respectable in the area of moral, philosophy involves in developing, defensive and also recommending concept of right and wrong behavior. These ideas do not change as one desire† and inspiration This applies whether a company is involve with customers one-on-one, such as apple or Dell, Inc.; there are various ways to define ethics the simplest may be to say that ethics deals with right and wrong. However, it isRead MoreInternal External Factors - Apple Inc.1403 Words   |  6 Pagesemerge in the last three decades,† Apple has masterfully applied the four functions of management to their business strategy (Finkle and Mallin, 2011, p. 63). The first function, planning, focuses on the company’s strategy to set out and achieve their organizational goals. The technology industry is perpetually evolving to be successful Apple has to stay ahead of the curve using strategic planning to ensure that their innovative products dominate the market. Apple â€Å"stands for innovation in personalRead MoreMarketing Of The Apple Corporation Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesApple, Inc. engages in the design, manufacture, and marketing of mobile communication, media device s, personal computers, and portable digital music players (Forbes Media LLC, 2016). The Apple Corporation offers a wide variety products and services such as the iPhone, iPad, and Mac computer. 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The mobile phone is becoming a primary means of communication, not only for voice but also for digital services, email, digital photos, navigation, etc. Worldwide over 350 billion text messages, also known as â€Å"SMS Messages,† are exchangedRead MoreInternal External Factors Of Managment Essay1733 Words   |  7 PagesExternal/Internal Factors Introduction Since the start of apple in 1976 apple has established a unique reputation in the consumer electronic industry. Apple started out as a computer company and expanded into other electronics within the last decade. Apple has about 35,00 employees world wide and had world wide annual sales of 32.48 billion in its first fiscal year ending September 29,th 2008. (Para Amitt, Singh 2004) This paper will explore how Apple used the Four levels of management, planning, leading

Comparative Analysis of Socio Economic Development

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Analysis of Socio Economic Development. Answer: Introduction The environment is an important factor in the business success. Both the external and internal environment have diverse influences on the business activities. For any business to be successful, the management has to do a thorough analysis of the environment in which they are operating in. The external business environment directly influences the decisions made by the business. The goals and objectives set by business have to be aligned with the business strategy employed and have to be in consideration for the environment in which the business id is operating in (Sylvers, 2016). Many organizations have at one point or the other faced harsh business conditions that hamper the profitability of the company. Nissan just like any other organization has faced some difficulties before breaking into success. Today, Nissan is a big organization that has employed a lot of people and has a large clientele base that translates to great profit creation (Ghosn, 2016). Culture is a crucial factor i n the success of business. Culture lays the foundation for business success by streamlining the procedures and processes to be followed to achieve a set goal. The purpose of this essay is to investigate why Nissan alongside other Japanese companies faced difficulties in the 1990s in addition to explaining the differences and similarities between the Japanese and the French cultures. Also to what extent is the East Asian or European socio economic model possible? Why Nissan and other Japanese companies faced difficulties in the 1990s The era of the 1990s had a lot of challenges to organizations in the Japanese economy. The difficulties were largely fuelled by the prevailing business conditions in addition to the Japanese culture. A closer look at the Japanese economy showed that most companies in Japan were debt ridden and the little profit they could manage to generate was used to service the debts, for example, The Nissan Company. By the year 1999 when Renault and Nissan were forming a business relationship that involved buying stakes in each others organizations, Nissan had accumulated a debt of about $ 15 billion (Thao, 2015). The reason behind this huge debt was attributed to Nissans reliance on international debt. Nissan heavily relied on loan capital to finance its growth domestically and internationally (Alpert, 2014). Though the loans are taken for a right course, servicing the loans eats much of the profit generated by these companies. Most organizations in Japan relied on loans for growth in the 1990s, and this led to pressure from the financing institutions. One crucial factor is that the companies were over borrowing and this could have led to the fall of the economy. An economy cannot survive on huge debts as the amount of money supplying in the economy is little, and the companies were not meeting their objectives and goals. In a nutshell, the Japanese economy faced an increase in the number of loans taken leaving a little cash in the economy to sustain the development of companies such as Nissan. The Japanese culture is another reason that led to difficulties in the Japanese economy. The Japanese common culture was a cause for many problems for the Japanese companies. The collective culture of the Japanese involves doing things as a group and making decisions that favor other people. The Japanese stick together and eat together, work together and travel as a group. The feeling of being part of a group gives the Japanese joy, happiness and the feeling of oneness. The culture is traced from the rich history of the Japanese people from the SAKOKU policy. The SAKOKU policy has aided the creation and development of the group-oriented culture. The Japanese organizations have integrated the Japanese culture in their day to day activities and running of the organization. The Japanese prefer to mix business with culture and have included cultural aspects in every business dealing with elements such as gifts during business meetings. The management of Japanese organizations in the 1990s lacked the courage and the knowledge to make appropriate business decisions to avert difficult business situations. For companies like Nissan, the management did not have the adequate knowledge and experience to make decisions such as making workers redundant and cutting down the costs of production. According to the Japanese, a decision such as redundancy was not acceptable and did not exist as the decisions would affect the cohesion of the group. Most Japanese companies had many employees who were not adding any value to the organization. Redundancies increase the cost of production and consequently reduce the profits made by the companies. The Japanese culture promoted the group orientation which affects the efficiency of policies that nay help the organizations during harsh economic conditions. The Japanese culture thus is one of the reasons as to why Nissan and other Japanese companies got into difficulties during the 1990s. Though the French culture is individualistic while the Japanese are collectivists, the two cultures share a similarity in power distance. The French and the Japanese cultures are associated with high power distances. Those in power are believed to have rightly inherited it and that the subordinates are supposed to take and follow directions promptly from someone in power. Though the French culture is highly individualistic, there is an exception in the power distance (McLain, 2016). The French and the Japanese are believed to be loyal to each other and especially to the individuals in power. In the Japanese, the culture of collectivism drives the people towards high power distances as individuals do not want to disappoint the society by going against a leaders wishes, opinions and directives in particular. The high power distance in this cultures is believed to drive these groups towards the realization of the set goals and objectives in the society and an organization such as the Nissan. For example, Carlos Ghosns success at implementing the Anglo-Saxon model can be attributed to the fact that the Japanese are associated with high power distance. Carlos adopted the French culture and successfully used it to navigate his way into taking Nissan from its debt-ridden state to a profitable company today (Ghosn, 2014). If the Japanese were not associated with high power distance, Carlos Ghosn would have found it much difficult to impose the policies and strategies he had such as on redundancy and cost reduction. Though the Japanese are collectivists and the French are individualists, it was much easier for Carlos Ghosn due to the similarity of high power distance between the two cultures. The Japanese and the French accept a hierarchical order in which every member of the society has a plac e and needs little or no justification. Individualism versus collectivism One clear difference between these two cultures is the collectivist and individualistic nature of these two cultures. For instance, the French are associated with a high individualistic culture while the Japanese are associated with a high collectivism culture. The Japanese culture involves group orientation with much emphasis on group and its interests. The Japanese culture focuses on shared interest in various aspects of the society in which each member of the group has a priority to the group first and not themselves (Brewer and Ya-Ru 2007). In a nutshell, the Japanese aim at meeting the objectives and needs of the group first and aim at not disappointing the group at any cost. On the other hand, the French culture is highly individualistic with much emphasis on individual gains and well-being. In the French individualistic culture, the priority of people is about themselves and not the group as in the Japanese culture (Elliot, Katagiri and Sawai, 2012). Individuals in these type of culture lack the group mentality and place a high value on personal goals and achievements rather than that of a group. In individualistic cultures, the relationship between people is on convenience with little loyalty from both parties. Low-context versus high-context communication styles The individualistic cultures i.e. the French prefer low-context communication while high-context culture relates to collectivism cultures i.e. the Japanese. The low-context culture involves direct communication that is precise and specific and direct. In the individualistic cultures, the low context communication style is used to remove any possibilities that can lead to conflict between the parties. In an individualistic culture such as that of the French, the people form relationships that only last for short periods of time thus the need for honest communication. The low-context communication style is directed at content delivery and little regard for relationship dimensions (Kittler, Rygl and Mackinnon, 2011). The low-context culture places little importance on the body language of the speaker, the tone of the speaker and other communication elements such as the use of gestures. In low-context cultures, the emphasis is placed on factual information as facts are more reliable than intuition during making decisions. The messages are explicit, concise plus direct as the members of an individualistic culture place more importance on goals and objectives rather than relationships. In the individualistic culture, the primary method of learning involves following other societal members directions plus explanations. On the other hand, the Japanese have a high context communication style for their collectivism culture. The high-context communication style involves the use of contextual elements in communication. Contextual communication elements such as body language and the speakers tone are mostly used by members of a collectivism culture i.e. the Japanese. One important factor to note is that members of high-context culture form relationships that last for an extended period. In contrast to the low-context cultures that form relationships that last for short periods of time, in high-context cultures, the relationships are built on shared thoughts and goals thus making them last. It is critical to note that the high-context communication style is suitable for the group-oriented societies such as the Japanese. The high-context communication style is developed as a result of extended interactions for many years between the members. The Japanese people spend most of their time and work in groups thus the cohesion is developed that leads to the members knowing the rules are, how they think and behave and thus, as a result, the rules do not have to be explicitly stated. The high context cultures are not easy to navigate, and thus it requires time and skills to form long lasting relationships to be able to understand the unwritten rules of the culture (Pfanner, 2015). The high-context cultures are characterized by the basic use of non-verbal communication techniques to relay meaningful information through the use of facial expressions, the tone of voice and movement of the eye. In the Japanese culture, the situation, members of the society and the non-verbal elements are more important than the actual information being relayed. In the high context cultures, the emphasis is placed on interperson al relationships between the members of the community. East Asian or European socio-economic model The Renault-Nissan alliance brings a lot of aspects to light with regards to socio-economic models with a particular interest in the East Asian socio-economic model and the European socio-economic model. On the subject of the East Asian socio-economic model, the Renault-Nissan alliance can be used to depict the socio-economic conditions. Economic growth plus high living standards in addition to the good working conditions represent the socio-economic growth (Rose and Harrisson, 2007). Though the East Asia model can still be depicted in some countries and organizations, the European model has been manifesting itself as a force to reckon with due to the influence it exerts on the East Asia socio-economic model. Much has been documented on the Renault-Nissan alliance but one point that stands out is that the influence of Renault is what salvaged Nissan from the ashes (Penissat, 2015). The European model is much more prominent than the East Asian model as Nissan is a proof of the Europea n socio-economic model (Tsaurkubule, 2014). The East Asian model comprises of a collectivism culture that limits the model in policy efficiency and implementation. The European model is result-oriented and thus to a larger extent in the light of Renault-Nissan alliance the European model can be spoken of highly. Conclusion In conclusion, the Renault-Nissan alliance resulted in positive changes for the Nissan Company. Carlos Ghosns cultural background together with the business strategies and economic policies greatly helped the organization to overcome the debts and become profitable. Collectivist and individualistic cultures have varying differences and similarities amongst them. One common similarity that stands out is the high power distance especially amongst the Japanese and the French. Though some similarities may appear the differences are great and the cultural practices in the communities are different to suit the values and morals held by the community. Reference Alpert, L. I. (2014, April 5). Ghosn Says Renault-Nissan Alliance on Track in Russia. Wall Street Journal (Online). p. 1. Brewer, M. B., Ya-Ru, C. (2007). Where (Who) Are Collectives in Collectivism? Toward Conceptual Clarification of Individualism and Collectivism. Psychological Review, 114(1), 133-151. Elliott, A., Katagiri, M., Sawai, A. (2012). The New Individualism and Contemporary Japan: Theoretical Avenues and the Japanese New Individualist Path. Journal For The Theory Of Social Behaviour, 42(4), 425-443. Ghosn, C. (2014). Our Differences Are Many, Our Potential Is Great. Vital Speeches Of The Day, 80(12), 390-391. Ghosn, C. (2016). Rather Than Fear the Disruption, The Auto Industry Must Embrace It. Vital Speeches Of The Day, 82(5), 145-146. Kittler, M. G., Rygl, D., Mackinnon, A. (2011). Special Review Article: Beyond culture or beyond control? Reviewing the use of Halls high-/low-context concept. International Journal Of Cross Cultural Management, 11(1), 63-82 McLain, S. (2016, October 20). Carlos Ghosn to Hold Chairman Roles at Nissan and Mitsubishi. Wall Street Journal - Online Edition. p. 1. Penissat, E., Rowell, J. (2015). The Creation of a European Socio-economic Classification: Limits of Expert-driven Statistical Integration. Journal Of European Integration, 37(2), 281-297 Pfanner, E. (2015, May 14). Renault Ghosn Defends Global Auto Partnerships. Wall Street Journal (Online). p. 1. Pfanner, E. (2015, December 16). Nissan, Renault to Tighten Alliance Without Merger. Wall Street Journal (Online). p. 1. Renault-Nissan infotainment is open-source. (2015). Automotive Engineer, 40(3), 5. Rose, D., Harrison, E. (2007). The European Socio-Economic Classification: A New Social Class Schema For Comparative European Research. European Societies, 9(3), 459-490. Sylvers, E. (2016, October 20). Nissan-Renault Chiefs Pay May Hit Big Leagues. Wall Street Journal - Online Edition. p. 1. Thao, H. (2015, May 6). Renault-Nissan Alliance Needs to Drive in Same Direction. Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition. p. C14. Tsaurkubule, Z. (2014). Comparative Analysis of Socio-Economic Development Of The Baltic States In The Context Of European Integration. Professional Studies: Theory Practice / Profesines Studijos: Teorija Ir Praktika, (14), 279-287.